Vishu is the celebration of the Kerala New Year. A celebration of Indian tradition, usually falling in the second week of April, Vishu is a domestic festival. It is mainly celebrated in homes. The main event of Vishu is the Vishukkani, the first thing that is seen in the day. These should only be auspicious objects, generally gathered on the domestic altar, in order to benefit from these auspices throughout the rest of the year.
Celebrated on the first day of Medam or the Malayalam month or between the months of April and May of the Gregorian calendar, Vishu symbolizes the beginning of the spring season. Vishu, a Hindu festival, is celebrated in Kerala as the harvest festival and the astrological New Year of the Malayalis.
Vishu indicates the movement of the sun to Aries or the Mesha Rashi and marks the day from which the farmers begin the ploughing of land and other agricultural activities.
Significance of Vishu
In Sanskrit Vishu means equal, which implies the day with equal number hours of day and night or the equinox. The day of Mesha Sankranti or Mesha Sankramam, Vishu is a family festival. It is a period dedicated to Vishnu and is celebrated by worshipping Vishnu and Krishna. Vishu Kani, Vishu Kaineettam and Vishubhalam are the three most important aspects of the Vishu celebrations.
Vishu Mythological Connection
Several mythological tales are related to the celebration of Vishu; and as per one such story Vishu is the day when Krishna killed Narakasura a demon. As per another belief Vishu is celebrated as the return of Surya Dev.
According to the other folklores Ravana demon king, never allowed Surya Dev or the Sun God to rise from the east. It was on the day of Vishu, after the death of Ravana, the sun or Surya Dev started to rise from the east. Since then, Vishu is celebrated with great zeal.
Legends Behind Vishu
As per the religious faith of the people on the previous night of the Vishu festival a Vishu Kani in the prayer room or worship area of the house before the idol of Vishnu and Krishna by the eldest lady of the house. Vishu Kani is regarded as the symbol of good luck and prosperity by Malayalis.
In Malayalam Kani means which is viewed first therefore, the term 'Vishu Kani' means the first thing to be seen atdawn or the early hours of the day. The devotees believe this would bring them prosperity throughout the New Year.
The Vishu Kani consists of a sacred ceremonial preparation of all auspicious goods considered to be the omen of good luck and prosperity. These goods include coconut, betel leaves, Arecanut, yellow Kani Konna flower, Kanmashi kajal, raw rice, lemon, golden cucumber, jack fruit, a metallic mirror, a holy book, cotton dhoti and coins or currency notes.
All these things are collected in a bell shaped vessel made of metal which in Malayalam is called Uruli. A traditional bell shaped metal lamp called Nilavilakku is also lighted and placed together with the Vishu Kani before the deity.
On the day of Vishu, as per the traditional belief of the people all the members of the family have to wake up early in the morning by dawn with closed eyes go to the worship area of the house, to get the first sight of the Vishu Kani because it would bring them good luck throughout the year. Therefore, the Vishu Kani is arranged with great care and precision to create a positive picture.
After seeing the Vishu Khani, people recite verses from Ramayana, the Holy book of the Hindus, which is considered to be a sacred act. Malayalis believe that the first page of the Ramayana which is opened by the devotee has asignificant impact on his/her life in the upcoming year. After this the children and adult burst crackers and this continues from morning to night.
Known as Vishu Paddakam or the bursting of crackers is an integral part of the Vishu celebration enjoyed by all big and small. This is followed by a traditional feast known as Vishu Sadhya.
